False rumor, prejudice, blind spots ５： Trap of public construction projects ２

This time, I show the original purpose of the public construction, and a substitute plan having higher effect.

Essence of public construction

For example, a government pays 10 trillion yen to 2 million people who were employed in order to dig a hole and fill in same hole for one year.

In fact, the effect to reduce an unemployed person is the same as traditional unnecessary dam construction or roadwork.

If the built infrastructure has value, in addition, it is good.

With the following examples, let's check the value that should be produced by the public investment.

今回は、公共工事の本来の目的と、より効果の高い代替案を見ます。

公共工事の本質

例えば、穴を掘って埋め戻す作業に、２００万人を雇い１年分の給与１０兆円支出するとします。

実は、従来の不要なダム建設や道路工事と同じで、失業者を減らす効果はあります。

その箱物に価値があればなお良いのですが。

その投資によって生みだされるはずの価値を、以下の例で確認しましょう。

For example, a government pays salary to jobless people who were employed in order to do care and child rearing at their home.

Is there any merit?

There are five merits compared with public construction.

*If child rearing is helped, youth population in the future increases by the rise of a birthrate and it will bring good influence to economy and welfare.

Furthermore, woman's advance into society will be urged and national income per person will go up like Northern Europe.

* Since it is the payment to their home, it becomes an instantaneous effect, a decrease of an indirect loss, and a decrease of an import price.

Moreover, paying to low-income group that have higher consumption rate is high in economic effect.

* This labor is possible to combine with the traditional domestic labor, and a minus of the value is almost nothing.

Although the domestic labor does not appear in calculation of national economy, such as GDP, it has very big value.

In labor of public construction, this domestic labor becomes impossible and it is minus of the value.

* Like public construction, there is neither the removal of residents nor the waste of resources; therefore there is no minus of social value.

* Like public construction, the contractor is not biased to specific business, and the effect spreads evenly.

This example is thing that shows a way of thinking, but I am happy if you understand a fault of the traditional investment (public construction projects).

GDP and the economic growth rate are important indexes, but it is not all.

例えば失業者に家庭で介護や育児をしてもらい、給与を出すとどうなるでしょうか？

公共工事に比べ五つのメリットがあります。

・育児を助ければ、出生率の上昇で若年人口が増え、将来的に経済や福祉に好影響をもたらします。さらに女性の社会進出を促し、北欧のように一人当たり所得が上昇するでしょう。

・家庭への支払いなので、即効性、間接的ロス減、輸入代金減となります。低所得層への支給は消費率が高いので、さらに経済効果（乗率）は上昇します。

・     この労働は従来の家事労働との兼務が可能で、マイナスが少ない。ＧＤＰなどの国民経済の計算に出ないが、家事労働は非常に大きな価値があります。公共工事ではこの家事労働が出来なくなり、その分マイナス計上しなければならない。

・     公共工事のように、住民の立ち退きや資源の浪費がなく社会的マイナスが無い。

・     公共工事のように、支給先が特定の業界に偏らず、満遍なく効果が行き渡る。

この例は考え方を示したものですが、あなたに従来の投資(公共工事）の欠点がわかってもらえれば幸いです。

ＧＤＰや経済成長率は重要な指標ですが、それだけではないのです。

Conclusion

The purpose that the government uses valuable fiscal resources is to decrease the unemployment rate.

In addition, the purpose must be to produce the social value, and to produce the good circulation of it.

Though a financial policy is for it, there are a lot of effective means with the exception of the public construction projects.

The accumulated deficits only increase by repeating useless public construction.

結論

政府が貴重な財源を使う目的は、失業率を低下させることと、社会的な価値を生みだし、それが良い循環を生みだすようにすることなのです。

その為の財政政策ですが、公共工事以外に効果のある手段はいくらでもあるのです。

効果の無い無駄な公共工事を繰り返すだけでは、累積赤字が増大するだけです。