Travel to South Korean３: Andong Hahoe folk village“安東河回村”２

 

＜　Buyongdae Cliff: Here is often used for filming.　＞

I also introduce Andong Hahoe folk village to you this time.

今回も安東河回村を紹介します。　

＜　Sacred tree of 600 years old is in the center of the village.　＞

The stately homesteads had been spreading in the shape of radiation with a focus on here.

ここを中心に屋敷は放射線状に広がっていった。

＜　Bukchondaek“北村家” is a bigger house：by「韓国精神文化の首都、安東へようこそ！」in English or Japanese　＞

 

＜　Bukchondaek：I saw right and left from the gate.　＞

I introduce the culture.

文化を紹介します

＜　Hahoe Mask Dance Drama ”河回別神グッタルノリ”　　＞

Upper photo: an apostate priest and a female entertainer

Lower photo: masks with each portrait

This mask dance drama was performed in order to offer to the guardian deity of this village.

This mask is a woodcarving, has a rich expression very much, and there is the thing in which the lower jaw moves.

It is interesting to keenly satirize the Yangban and the apostate priest.

It gives an air of inclusion of the Yanban.

上：破戒僧と芸妓。

下：人物像毎の仮面。

この仮面劇は、この村の守護神に捧げる為（別神祭）に行われていた。

この仮面は木彫りで、実に表情が豊かで、下顎が動くものもある。

おもしろいのは、破戒僧と両班を鋭く風刺していることです。

両班の懐の深さを感じさせる。

＜　The small hole which there is beside the gate of the Yangban　＞

A farmer was able to get rice from this hole at the time of famine.

The hole is a size into which one hand barely passes, and the farmer cannot take many.

農民は、飢饉の時この穴からお米を貰っていくことが出来た。

穴は一本の手がギリギリ入る大きさで、多くは取れない。

I wondered at something.

When I walked this village, the beginning, I had some sense of incongruity.

It is because this small village had difference between poverty and wealth.

Let's look at the difference between this village and some medieval villages of the world that I already introduced.

不思議に思ったこと

始め、私はこの村を歩いている時、少し違和感を持ちました。

それはこの小さな村に大きな家格（貧富）の差があったからです。

既に紹介した世界の中世集落と安東河回村との違いを見てみましょう。

A: Japan, Nagasaki Prefecture, the samurai residence of Chiran, about 300 years before.

The samurai residences are tidily located in a line.

B: Japan, Gifu Prefecture, Shirakawa-gou, about 300 years before.

Many farmhouses of the same structure as the riverside have stood in a line.

C: Czechoslovakia, Cesky krumlov, about 300 years before.

The winding river surrounds the town that had a public square in center.

D: China, Fujian Tulou(clay tower), about 200 years before.

All the rooms of a building like a fort were the same sizes.

A：日本、長崎県、知覧の武家屋敷、約３００年前。

武家屋敷が整然と並んでいる。

B：日本、岐阜県,白川郷、約３００年前。

川の側に同じ構造の農家が並んでいる。

C：チェコ、チェスキー・クルムロフ、約３００年前。

広場を中心にした街は蛇行した川に囲まれている。

D：中国、福建省の田螺杭土楼、約２００年前。

砦のような建物の中の部屋は皆、同じ大きさでした。

I noticed something.

What do the mask dance drama with satirizing and the smaller hole for almsgiving mean?

Probably there is some kind of sentiment between the villager (farmer and servant) and the Yangban, and the people mutually admit, allow, and exercise moderation.

Even if there was a clear classism, it seems that there was the culture that the people lives without keeping away mutually.

Between neighboring Korea and Japan, the difference in culture that was caused by each history made different state of the village in this way.

気がついたこと

風刺の効いた仮面劇、施しの小さめの穴は何を意味するのだろうか？

村人（農民や奉公人）と両班には、互いに節度を守り、認め、許し合う心情があるのではないだろうか。

明確な階級差はあっても、互いに遠ざけず共に暮らす文化があるように、私には思えた。

隣国の韓国と日本の間にも、それぞれの歴史を背負った文化の違いが、このように村の有り様を異なったものにしているようです。